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14 Effective Ways to Help Your Students Conquer Math Word Problems

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Word Problems WeAreTeachers

Word problems can be tricky for a lot of students, but they’re incredibly important to master. After all, in the real world, most math is in the form of word problems. “If one gallon of paint covers 400 square feet, and my wall measures 34 feet by 8 feet, how many gallons do I need?” “This sweater costs $135, but it’s on sale for 35% off. So how much is that?” Here are the best teacher-tested ideas for helping kids get a handle on these problems.

1. Solve word problems regularly

techniques for solving word problems

This might be the most important tip of all. Word problems should be part of everyday math practice, especially for older kids. Whenever possible, use word problems every time you teach a new math skill. Even better: give students a daily word problem to solve so they’ll get comfortable with the process.

Learn more: Teaching With Jennifer Findlay

2. Teach problem-solving routines

Word Problems Teacher Trap

There are a LOT of strategies out there for teaching kids how to solve word problems (keep reading to see some terrific examples). The important thing to remember is that what works for one student may not work for another. So introduce a basic routine like Plan-Solve-Check that every kid can use every time. You can expand on the Plan and Solve steps in a variety of ways, but this basic 3-step process ensures kids slow down and take their time.

Learn more: Word Problems Made Easy

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3. Visualize or model the problem

techniques for solving word problems

Encourage students to think of word problems as an actual story or scenario. Try acting the problem out if possible, and draw pictures, diagrams, or models. Learn more about this method and get free printable templates at the link.

Learn more: Math Geek Mama

4. Make sure they identify the actual question

techniques for solving word problems

Educator Robert Kaplinsky asked 32 eighth grade students to answer this nonsensical word problem. Only 25% of them realized they didn’t have the right information to answer the actual question; the other 75% gave a variety of numerical answers that involved adding, subtracting, or dividing the two numbers. That tells us kids really need to be trained to identify the actual question being asked before they proceed. 

Learn more: Robert Kaplinsky

5. Remove the numbers

techniques for solving word problems

It seems counterintuitive … math without numbers? But this word problem strategy really forces kids to slow down and examine the problem itself, without focusing on numbers at first. If the numbers were removed from the sheep/shepherd problem above, students would have no choice but to slow down and read more carefully, rather than plowing ahead without thinking. 

Learn more: Where the Magic Happens Teaching

6. Try the CUBES method

techniques for solving word problems

This is a tried-and-true method for teaching word problems, and it’s really effective for kids who are prone to working too fast and missing details. By taking the time to circle, box, and underline important information, students are more likely to find the correct answer to the question actually being asked.

Learn more: Teaching With a Mountain View

7. Show word problems the LOVE

Word Problems Jennifer Findlay

Here’s another fun acronym for tackling word problems: LOVE. Using this method, kids Label numbers and other key info, then explain Our thinking by writing the equation as a sentence. They use Visuals or models to help plan and list any and all Equations they’ll use. 

8. Consider teaching word problem key words

techniques for solving word problems

This is one of those methods that some teachers love and others hate. Those who like it feel it offers kids a simple tool for making sense of words and how they relate to math. Others feel it’s outdated, and prefer to teach word problems using context and situations instead (see below). You might just consider this one more trick to keep in your toolbox for students who need it.

Learn more: Book Units Teacher

9. Determine the operation for the situation

techniques for solving word problems

Instead of (or in addition to) key words, have kids really analyze the situation presented to determine the right operation(s) to use. Some key words, like “total,” can be pretty vague. It’s worth taking the time to dig deeper into what the problem is really asking. Get a free printable chart and learn how to use this method at the link.

Learn more: Solving Word Problems With Jennifer Findlay

10. Differentiate word problems to build skills

techniques for solving word problems

Sometimes students get so distracted by numbers that look big or scary that they give up right off the bat. For those cases, try working your way up to the skill at hand. For instance, instead of jumping right to subtracting 4 digit numbers, make the numbers smaller to start. Each successive problem can be a little more difficult, but kids will see they can use the same method regardless of the numbers themselves.

Learn more: Differentiating Math 

11. Ensure they can justify their answers

techniques for solving word problems

One of the quickest ways to find mistakes is to look closely at your answer and ensure it makes sense. If students can explain how they came to their conclusion, they’re much more likely to get the answer right. That’s why teachers have been asking students to “show their work” for decades now.

Learn more: Madly Learning

12. Write the answer in a sentence

techniques for solving word problems

When you think about it, this one makes so much sense. Word problems are presented in complete sentences, so the answers should be too. This helps students make certain they’re actually answering the question being asked… part of justifying their answer.

Learn more: Multi-Step Word Problems

13. Add rigor to your word problems

techniques for solving word problems

A smart way to help kids conquer word problems is to, well… give them better problems to conquer. A rich math word problem is accessible and feels real to students, like something that matters. It should allow for different ways to solve it and be open for discussion. A series of problems should be varied, using different operations and situations when possible, and even include multiple steps. Visit both of the links below for excellent tips on adding rigor to your math word problems.

Learn more: The Routty Math Teacher and Alyssa Teaches

14. Use a problem-solving rounds activity.

Word Problems Teacher Trap 3

Put all those word problem strategies and skills together with this whole-class activity. Start by reading the problem as a group and sharing important information. Then, have students work with a partner to plan how they’ll solve it. In round three, kids use those plans to solve the problem individually. Finally, they share their answer and methods with their partner and the class. Be sure to recognize and respect all problem-solving strategies that lead to the correct answer.

Learn more: Teacher Trap

Like these word problem tips and tricks? Learn more about Why It’s Important to Honor All Math Strategies .

Plus, 60+ Awesome Websites For Teaching and Learning Math .

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Solving word problem chart

1. Understand the Problem by Paraphrasing

2. identify key information and variables, 3. translate words into mathematical symbols, 4. break down the problem into manageable parts, 5. draw diagrams or visual representations, 6. use estimation to predict answers, 7. apply logical reasoning for unknown variables, 8. leverage similar problems as templates, 9. check answers in the context of the problem, 10. reflect and learn from mistakes.

Have you ever observed the look of confusion on a student’s face when they encounter a math word problem ? It’s a common sight in classrooms worldwide, underscoring the need for effective strategies for solving math word problems . The main hurdle in solving math word problems is not just the math itself but understanding how to translate the words into mathematical equations that can be solved.

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Generic advice like “read the problem carefully” or “practice more” often falls short in addressing students’ specific difficulties with word problems. Students need targeted math word problem strategies that address the root of their struggles head-on. 

A Guide on Steps to Solving Word Problems: 10 Strategies 

One of the first steps in tackling a math word problem is to make sure your students understand what the problem is asking. Encourage them to paraphrase the problem in their own words. This means they rewrite the problem using simpler language or break it down into more digestible parts. Paraphrasing helps students grasp the concept and focus on the problem’s core elements without getting lost in the complex wording.

Original Problem: “If a farmer has 15 apples and gives away 8, how many does he have left?”

Paraphrased: “A farmer had some apples. He gave some away. Now, how many apples does he have?”

This paraphrasing helps students identify the main action (giving away apples) and what they need to find out (how many apples are left).

Play these subtraction word problem games in the classroom for free:

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Students often get overwhelmed by the details in word problems. Teach them to identify key information and variables essential for solving the problem. This includes numbers , operations ( addition , subtraction , multiplication , division ), and what the question is asking them to find. Highlighting or underlining can be very effective here. This visual differentiation can help students focus on what’s important, ignoring irrelevant details.

  • Encourage students to underline numbers and circle keywords that indicate operations (like ‘total’ for addition and ‘left’ for subtraction).
  • Teach them to write down what they’re solving for, such as “Find: Total apples left.”

Problem: “A classroom has 24 students. If 6 more students joined the class, how many students are there in total?”

Key Information:

  • Original number of students (24)
  • Students joined (6)
  • Looking for the total number of students

Here are some fun addition word problems that your students can play for free:

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The transition from the language of word problems to the language of mathematics is a critical skill. Teach your students to convert words into mathematical symbols and equations. This step is about recognizing keywords and phrases corresponding to mathematical operations and expressions .

Common Translations:

  • “Total,” “sum,” “combined” → Addition (+)
  • “Difference,” “less than,” “remain” → Subtraction (−)
  • “Times,” “product of” → Multiplication (×)
  • “Divided by,” “quotient of” → Division (÷)
  • “Equals” → Equals sign (=)

Problem: “If one book costs $5, how much would 4 books cost?”

Translation: The word “costs” indicates a multiplication operation because we find the total cost of multiple items. Therefore, the equation is 4 × 5 = $20

Complex math word problems can often overwhelm students. Incorporating math strategies for problem solving, such as teaching them to break down the problem into smaller, more manageable parts, is a powerful approach to overcome this challenge. This means looking at the problem step by step rather than simultaneously trying to solve it. Breaking it down helps students focus on one aspect of the problem at a time, making finding the solution more straightforward.

Problem: “John has twice as many apples as Sarah. If Sarah has 5 apples, how many apples do they have together?”

Steps to Break Down the Problem:

Find out how many apples John has: Since John has twice as many apples as Sarah, and Sarah has 5, John has 5 × 2 = 10

Calculate the total number of apples: Add Sarah’s apples to John’s to find the total,  5 + 10 = 15

By splitting the problem into two parts, students can solve it without getting confused by all the details at once.

Explore these fun multiplication word problem games:

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Diagrams and visual representations can be incredibly helpful for students, especially when dealing with spatial or quantity relationships in word problems. Encourage students to draw simple sketches or diagrams to represent the problem visually. This can include drawing bars for comparison, shapes for geometry problems, or even a simple distribution to better understand division or multiplication problems .

Problem: “A garden is 3 times as long as it is wide. If the width is 4 meters, how long is the garden?”

Visual Representation: Draw a rectangle and label the width as 4 meters. Then, sketch the length to represent it as three times the width visually, helping students see that the length is 4 × 3 = 12

Estimation is a valuable skill in solving math word problems, as it allows students to predict the answer’s ballpark figure before solving it precisely. Teaching students to use estimation can help them check their answers for reasonableness and avoid common mistakes.

Problem: “If a book costs $4.95 and you buy 3 books, approximately how much will you spend?”

Estimation Strategy: Round $4.95 to the nearest dollar ($5) and multiply by the number of books (3), so 5 × 3 = 15. Hence, the estimated total cost is about $15.

Estimation helps students understand whether their final answer is plausible, providing a quick way to check their work against a rough calculation.

Check out these fun estimation and prediction word problem worksheets that can be of great help:

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When students encounter problems with unknown variables, it’s crucial to introduce them to logical reasoning. This strategy involves using the information in the problem to deduce the value of unknown variables logically. One of the most effective strategies for solving math word problems is working backward from the desired outcome. This means starting with the result and thinking about the steps leading to that result, which can be particularly useful in algebraic problems.

Problem: “A number added to three times itself equals 32. What is the number?”

Working Backward:

Let the unknown number be x.

The equation based on the problem is  x + 3x = 32

Solve for x by simplifying the equation to 4x=32, then dividing by 4 to find x=8.

By working backward, students can more easily connect the dots between the unknown variable and the information provided.

Practicing problems of similar structure can help students recognize patterns and apply known strategies to new situations. Encourage them to leverage similar problems as templates, analyzing how a solved problem’s strategy can apply to a new one. Creating a personal “problem bank”—a collection of solved problems—can be a valuable reference tool, helping students see the commonalities between different problems and reinforcing the strategies that work.

Suppose students have solved a problem about dividing a set of items among a group of people. In that case, they can use that strategy when encountering a similar problem, even if it’s about dividing money or sharing work equally.

It’s essential for students to learn the habit of checking their answers within the context of the problem to ensure their solutions make sense. This step involves going back to the original problem statement after solving it to verify that the answer fits logically with the given information. Providing a checklist for this process can help students systematically review their answers.

Checklist for Reviewing Answers:

  • Re-read the problem: Ensure the question was understood correctly.
  • Compare with the original problem: Does the answer make sense given the scenario?
  • Use estimation: Does the precise answer align with an earlier estimation?
  • Substitute back: If applicable, plug the answer into the problem to see if it works.

Problem: “If you divide 24 apples among 4 children, how many apples does each child get?”

After solving, students should check that they understood the problem (dividing apples equally).

Their answer (6 apples per child) fits logically with the number of apples and children.

Their estimation aligns with the actual calculation.

Substituting back 4×6=24 confirms the answer is correct.

Teaching students to apply logical reasoning, leverage solved problems as templates, and check their answers in context equips them with a robust toolkit for tackling math word problems efficiently and effectively.

One of the most effective ways for students to improve their problem-solving skills is by reflecting on their errors, especially with math word problems. Using word problem worksheets is one of the most effective strategies for solving word problems, and practicing word problems as it fosters a more thoughtful and reflective approach to problem-solving

These worksheets can provide a variety of problems that challenge students in different ways, allowing them to encounter and work through common pitfalls in a controlled setting. After completing a worksheet, students can review their answers, identify any mistakes, and then reflect on them in their mistake journal. This practice reinforces mathematical concepts and improves their math problem solving strategies over time.

3 Additional Tips for Enhancing Word Problem-Solving Skills

Before we dive into the importance of reflecting on mistakes, here are a few impactful tips to enhance students’ word problem-solving skills further:

1. Utilize Online Word Problem Games

A word problem game

Incorporate online games that focus on math word problems into your teaching. These interactive platforms make learning fun and engaging, allowing students to practice in a dynamic environment. Games can offer instant feedback and adaptive challenges, catering to individual learning speeds and styles.

Here are some word problem games that you can use for free:

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2. Practice Regularly with Diverse Problems

Word problem worksheet

Consistent practice with a wide range of word problems helps students become familiar with different questions and mathematical concepts. This exposure is crucial for building confidence and proficiency.

Start Practicing Word Problems with these Printable Word Problem Worksheets:

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3. Encourage Group Work

Solving word problems in groups allows students to share strategies and learn from each other. A collaborative approach is one of the best strategies for solving math word problems that can unveil multiple methods for tackling the same problem, enriching students’ problem-solving toolkit.

Conclusion 

Mastering math word problems is a journey of small steps. Encourage your students to practice regularly, stay curious, and learn from their mistakes. These strategies for solving math word problems are stepping stones to turning challenges into achievements. Keep it simple, and watch your students grow their confidence and skills, one problem at a time.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How can i help my students stay motivated when solving math word problems.

Encourage small victories and use engaging tools like online games to make practice fun and rewarding.

What's the best way to teach beginners word problems?

Begin with simple problems that integrate everyday scenarios to make the connection between math and real-life clear and relatable.

How often should students practice math word problems?

Regular, daily practice with various problems helps build confidence and problem-solving skills over time.

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techniques for solving word problems

Strategies for Solving Word Problems – Math

techniques for solving word problems

It’s one thing to solve a math equation when all of the numbers are given to you but with word problems, when you start adding reading to the mix, that’s when it gets especially tricky.

The simple addition of those words ramps up the difficulty (and sometimes the math anxiety) by about 100!

How can you help your students become confident word problem solvers? By teaching your students to solve word problems in a step by step, organized way, you will give them the tools they need to solve word problems in a much more effective way.

Here are the seven strategies I use to help students solve word problems.

1. read the entire word problem.

Before students look for keywords and try to figure out what to do, they need to slow down a bit and read the whole word problem once (and even better, twice). This helps kids get the bigger picture to be able to understand it a little better too.

2. Think About the Word Problem

Students need to ask themselves three questions every time they are faced with a word problem. These questions will help them to set up a plan for solving the problem.

Here are the questions:

A. what exactly is the question.

What is the problem asking? Often times, curriculum writers include extra information in the problem for seemingly no good reason, except maybe to train kids to ignore that extraneous information (grrrr!). Students need to be able to stay focused, ignore those extra details, and find out what the real question is in a particular problem.

B. What do I need in order to find the answer?

Students need to narrow it down, even more, to figure out what is needed to solve the problem, whether it’s adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing, or some combination of those. They’ll need a general idea of which information will be used (or not used) and what they’ll be doing.

This is where key words become very helpful. When students learn to recognize that certain words mean to add (like in all, altogether, combined ), while others mean to subtract, multiply, or to divide, it helps them decide how to proceed a little better

Here’s a Key Words Chart I like to use for teaching word problems. The handout could be copied at a smaller size and glued into interactive math notebooks. It could be placed in math folders or in binders under the math section if your students use binders.

One year I made huge math signs (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and divide symbols) and wrote the keywords around the symbols. These served as a permanent reminder of keywords for word problems in the classroom.

If you’d like to download this FREE Key Words handout, click here:

techniques for solving word problems

C. What information do I already have?

This is where students will focus in on the numbers which will be used to solve the problem.

3. Write on the Word Problem

This step reinforces the thinking which took place in step number two. Students use a pencil or colored pencils to notate information on worksheets (not books of course, unless they’re consumable). There are lots of ways to do this, but here’s what I like to do:

  • Circle any numbers you’ll use.
  • Lightly cross out any information you don’t need.
  • Underline the phrase or sentence which tells exactly what you’ll need to find.

4. Draw a Simple Picture and Label It

Drawing pictures using simple shapes like squares, circles, and rectangles help students visualize problems. Adding numbers or names as labels help too.

For example, if the word problem says that there were five boxes and each box had 4 apples in it, kids can draw five squares with the number four in each square. Instantly, kids can see the answer so much more easily!

5. Estimate the Answer Before Solving

Having a general idea of a ballpark answer for the problem lets students know if their actual answer is reasonable or not. This quick, rough estimate is a good math habit to get into. It helps students really think about their answer’s accuracy when the problem is finally solved.

6. Check Your Work When Done

This strategy goes along with the fifth strategy. One of the phrases I constantly use during math time is, Is your answer reasonable ? I want students to do more than to be number crunchers but to really think about what those numbers mean.

Also, when students get into the habit of checking work, they are more apt to catch careless mistakes, which are often the root of incorrect answers.

7. Practice Word Problems Often

Just like it takes practice to learn to play the clarinet, to dribble a ball in soccer, and to draw realistically, it takes practice to become a master word problem solver.

When students practice word problems, often several things happen. Word problems become less scary (no, really).

They start to notice similarities in types of problems and are able to more quickly understand how to solve them. They will gain confidence even when dealing with new types of word problems, knowing that they have successfully solved many word problems in the past.

If you’re looking for some word problem task cards, I have quite a few of them for 3rd – 5th graders.

This 3rd grade math task cards bundle has word problems in almost every one of its 30 task card sets..

There are also specific sets that are dedicated to word problems and two-step word problems too. I love these because there’s a task card set for every standard.

CLICK HERE to take a look at 3rd grade:

3rd Grade Math Task Cards Mega Bundle | 3rd Grade Math Centers Bundle

This 4th Grade Math Task Cards Bundle also has lots of word problems in almost every single of its 30 task card sets. These cards are perfect for centers, whole class, and for one on one.

CLICK HERE to see 4th grade:

th Grade 960 Math Task Cards Mega Bundle | 4th Grade Math Centers

This 5th Grade Math Task Cards Bundle is also loaded with word problems to give your students focused practice.

CLICK HERE to take a look at 5th grade:

5th Grade Math Task Cards Mega Bundle - 5th Grade Math Centers

Want to try a FREE set of math task cards to see what you think?

3rd Grade: Rounding Whole Numbers Task Cards

4th Grade: Convert Fractions and Decimals Task Cards

5th Grade: Read, Write, and Compare Decimals Task Cards

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4 Math Word Problem Solving Strategies

Solving Math Word Problems

5 Strategies to Learn to Solve Math Word Problems

A critical step in math fluency is the ability to solve math word problems. The funny thing about solving math word problems is that it isn’t just about math. Students need to have strong reading skills as well as the growth mindset needed for problem-solving. Strong problem solving skills need to be taught as well. In this article, let’s go over some strategies to help students improve their math problem solving skills when it comes to math word problems. These skills are great for students of all levels but especially important for students that struggle with math anxiety or students with animosity toward math.

Signs of Students Struggling with Math Word Problems

It is important to look at the root cause of what is causing the student to struggle with math problems. If you are in a tutoring situation, you can check your students reading level to see if that is contributing to the issue. You can also support the student in understanding math keywords and key phrases that they might need unpacked. Next, students might need to slow their thinking down and be taught to tackle the word problem bit by bit.

How to Help Students Solve Math Word Problems

Focus on math keywords and mathematical key phrases.

The first step in helping students with math word problems is focusing on keywords and phrases. For example, the words combined or increased by can mean addition. If you teach keywords and phrases they should watch out for students will gain the cues needed to go about solving a word problem. It might be a good idea to have them underline or highlight these words.

Cross out Extra Information

Along with highlighting important keywords students should also try to decipher the important from unimportant information. To help emphasize what is important in the problem, ask your students to cross out the unimportant distracting information.  This way, it will allow them to focus on what they can use to solve the problem.

Encourage Asking Questions

As you give them time to read, allow them to have time to ask questions on what they just read. Asking questions will help them understand what to focus on and what to ignore. Once they get through that, they can figure out the right math questions and add another item under their problem-solving strategies.

Draw the Problem

A fun way to help your students understand the problem is through letting them draw it on graph paper. For example, if a math problem asks a student to count the number of fruits that Farmer John has, ask them to draw each fruit while counting them. This is a great strategy for visual learners.

Check Back Once They Answer

Once they figured out the answer to the math problem, ask them to recheck their answer. Checking their answer is a good habit for learning and one that should be encouraged but students need to be taught how to check their answer. So the first step would be to review the word problem to make sure that they are solving the correct problem. Then to make sure that they set it up right. This is important because sometimes students will check their equation but will not reread the word problem and make sure that the equation is set up right. So always have them do this first! Once students believe that they have read and set up the correct equation, they should be taught to check their work and redo the problem, I also like to teach them to use the opposite to double check, for example if their equation is 2+3=5, I will show them how to take 5 which is the whole and check their work backwards 5-3 and that should equal 2. This is an important step and solidifies mathematical thinking in children.

Mnemonic Devices

Mnemonic devices are a great way to remember all of the types of math strategy in this post. The following are ones that I have heard of and wanted to share:

Solving Math Word Problems

CUBES Word Problem Strategy

Cubes is a mnemonic to remember the following steps in solving math word problems:

C: Circle the numbers

U: Underline the question

B: Box in the key words

E: Eliminate the information

S: Solve the problem & show your work

RISE Word Problem Strategy

Rise is another way to explain the steps needed to solve problems:

R: Read and reread

I: Illustrate what is being asked

S: Solve by writing your equation or number sentences

E: Explain your thinking

RISE Math Word Problem Strategy

COINS Word Problem Strategy

C: Comprehend the questions

O: Observe the data

I: Illustrate the problem

N: Write the number sentence (equation)

Understand -Plan – Solve – Check Word Problem Strategy

This is a simple step solution to show students the big picture. I think this along with one of the mnemonic devices helps students with better understanding of the approach.

Understand: What is the question asking? Do you understand all the words?

Plan: What would be a reasonable answer? In this stage students are formulating their approach to the word problem. 

Solve: What strategies will I use to solve this problem? Am I showing my thinking? Here students use the strategies outlined in this post to attack the problem.

Check: Students will ask themselves if they answered the question and if their answer makes sense. 

Understand -Plan - Solve - Check Word Problem Strategy

If you need word problems to use with your classroom, you can check out my word problems resource below.

Math Word Problems

Teaching students how to approach and solve math word problems is an important skill. Solving word problems is the closest math skill that resembles math in the real world. Encouraging students to slow their thinking, examine and analyze the word problem and encourage the habit of answer checking will give your students the learning skills that can be applied not only to math but to all learning. I also wrote a blog post on a specific type of math word problem called cognitively guided instruction you can read information on that too. It is just a different way that math problems are written and worth understanding to teach problem solving, click here to read .

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How to teach word problems: strategies for elementary teachers.

If you are looking for tips and ideas for how to teach word problems to your elementary students, then you’ve found the right place! We know that teaching elementary students how to solve word problems is important for math concept and skill application, but it sure can feel like a daunting charge without knowing about the different types, the best practices for teaching them, and common misconceptions to plan in advance for, as well as having the resources you need. All this information will make you feel confident about how to teach addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division word problems! Teaching students how to solve word problems will be so much easier!

This blog post will address the following questions:

  • What is a word problem?
  • What is a multi-step word problem?
  • Why are elementary math word problems important?
  • Why are math word problems so hard for elementary students?
  • What are the types of word problems?
  • How do I teach math word problems in a systematic way?
  • What are the best elementary math word problem strategies I can teach my students and what are some tips for how to teach math word problems strategies?
  • Do you have any helpful tips for how to teach word problems?
  • What are the common mistakes I should look for that my students may make?
  • How do I address my students’ common misconceptions surrounding elementary math word problems?

girl in class raising her hand to solve a word problem

What is a Word Problem?

A word problem is a math situation that calls for an equation to be solved.  Students must apply their critical thinking skills to determine how to solve the problem.  Word problems give students the opportunity to practice turning situations into numbers.  This is critical as students progress in their education, as well as in their day-to-day life.  By teaching students how to solve word problems in a strategic way, you are setting them up for future success!

What is a Multi-Step Word Problem?

A multi-step word problem , also known as a two-step word problem or two-step equation word problem, is a math situation that involves more than one equation having to be answered in order to solve the ultimate question.  This requires students to apply their problem solving skills to determine which operation or operations to use to tackle the problem and find the necessary information.  In some cases, the situation may call for mixed operations, and in others the operations will be the same.  Multi-step word problems offer students the opportunity to practice the skill of applying different math concepts with a given problem.

elementary students practicing math word problems

Why are Word Problems Important in Math?

Word problems are essential in math because they give students the opportunity to apply what they have learned to a real life situation.  In addition, it facilitates students in developing their higher order thinking and critical thinking skills, creativity, positive mindset toward persevering while problem solving, and confidence in their math abilities.  Word problems are an effective tool for teachers to determine whether or not students understand and can apply the concepts and skills they learned to a real life situation.

Why do Students Struggle with Math Word Problems?

Knowing why students have trouble with word problems will help you better understand how to teach them. The reason why math word problems are difficult for your students is because of a few different reasons. First, students need to be able to fluently read and comprehend the text. Second, they need to be able to identify which operations and steps are needed to find the answer. Finally, they need to be able to accurately calculate the answer. If you have students who struggle with reading or English is their second language (ESL), they may not be able to accurately show what they know and can do because of language and literacy barriers. In these cases, it is appropriate to read the text aloud to them or have it translated into their native language for assignments and assessments.

techniques for solving word problems

Types of Word Problems

Knowing the different types of word problems will help you better understand how to teach math word problems. Read below to learn about the four types of basic one-step addition and subtraction word problems, the subcategories within each of them, and specific examples for all of them. Two-step equation word problems can encompass two of the same type or two separate types (also known as mixed operation word problems).

This type of word problem involves an action that increases the original amount. There are three kinds: Result unknown, change unknown, and initial quantity unknown.

Result Unknown

Example : There were 7 kids swimming in the pool. 3 more kids jumped in. How many kids are in the pool now? (7 + 3 = ?)

Change Unknown

Example : There were 8 kids swimming in the pool. More kids jumped in. Now there are 15 kids in the pool. How many kids jumped in? (8 + ? = 15)

Initial Quantity Unknown

Example : There were kids swimming in the pool. 2 kids jumped in. Now there are 6 kids in the pool. How many kids were swimming in the pool at first? (? + 2 = 6)

2. Separate

This type of word problem involves an action that decreases the original amount. There are three kinds: Result unknown, change unknown, and initial quantity unknown.

Example: There were 12 kids swimming in the pool. 6 of the kids got out of the pool. How many kids are in the pool now? (12 – 6 = ?)

Example: There were 9 kids swimming in the pool. Some of the kids got out of the pool. Now there are 4 kids in the pool. How many kids got out of the pool? (9 – ? = 4)

Example: There were kids swimming in the pool. 3 of the kids got out of the pool. Now there are 2 kids in the pool. How many kids were in the pool at first? (? – 3 = 2)

3. Part-Part-Whole

This type of word problem does not involve an action like the join and separate types. Instead, it is about defining relationships among a whole and two parts. There are two kinds: result unknown and part unknown.

Example: There are 5 boys and 9 girls swimming in the pool. How many kids are in the pool? (5 + 9 = ?)

Part Unknown

Example: There are 12 kids swimming in the pool. 8 of them are girls and the rest of them are boys. How many boys are swimming in the pool? (8 + ? = 12)

This type of word problem does not involve an action or relationship like the three other types. Instead, it is about comparing two different unrelated items. There are two kinds: Difference unknown and quantity unknown.

Difference Unknown

Example: There are 2 kids in the pool. There are 7 kids in the yard. How many more kids are in the yard than in the pool? (2 + ? = 7 or 7 – 2 = ?)

Quantity Unknown

Example 1: There are 5 kids in the pool. There are 3 fewer kids playing in the yard. How many kids are playing in the yard? (5 – 3 = ?)

Example 2: There are 2 kids in the pool. There are 10 more kids playing in the yard than in the pool. How many kids are playing in the yard? (2 + 10 = ?)

elementary students solving word problems digitally

How to Solve Word Problems in 5 Easy Steps

Here are 5 steps that will help you teach word problems to your 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th or 5th grade students:

  • Read the problem.
  • Read the problem a second time and make meaning of it by visualizing, drawing pictures, and highlighting important information (numbers, phrases, and questions).
  • Plan how you will solve the problem by organizing information in a graphic organizer and writing down equations and formulas that you will need to solve.
  • Implement the plan and determine answer.
  • Reflect on your answer and determine if it is reasonable.  If not, check your work and start back at step one if needed.  If the answer is reasonable, check your answer and be prepared to explain how you solved it and why you chose the strategies you did.

5 Math Word Problem Strategies

Here are 5 strategies for how to teach elementary word problems:

Understand the math situation and what the question is asking by picturing what you read in your head while you are reading.

Draw Pictures

Make meaning of what the word problem is asking by drawing a picture of the math situation.

Make Models

Use math tools like base-ten blocks to model what is happening in the math situation.

Highlight Important Information

Underline or highlight important numbers, phrases, and questions.

Engage in Word Study

Look for key words and phrases like “less” or “in all.” Check out this blog post if you are interested in learning more about math word problem keywords and their limitations.

10 Tips for Teaching Students How to Solve Math Word Problems

Here are 10 tips for how to teach math word problems:

  • Model a positive attitude toward word problems and math.
  • Embody a growth mindset.
  • Model! Provide plenty of direct instruction.
  • Give lots of opportunities to practice.
  • Explicitly teach strategies and post anchor charts so students can access them and remember prior learning.
  • Celebrate the strategies and process rather than the correct answer.
  • Encourage students to continue persevering when they get stuck.
  • Invite students to act as peer tutors.
  • Provide opportunities for students to write their own word problems.
  • Engage in whole-group discussions when solving word problems as a class.

elementary students solving word problems

Common Misconceptions and Errors When Students Learn How to Solve Math Word Problems

Here are 5 common misconceptions or errors elementary students have or make surrounding math word problems:

1. Use the Incorrect Operation

Elementary students often apply the incorrect operations because they pull the numbers from a word problem and add them without considering what the question is asking them or they misunderstand what the problem is asking.  Early in their experience with word problems, this strategy may work most of the time; however, its effectiveness will cease as the math gets more complex.  It is important to instruct students to develop and apply problem-solving strategies.

Although helpful in determining the meaning, elementary students rely solely on key words and phrases in a word problem to determine what operation is being called for. Again, this may be an effective strategy early on in their math career, but it should not be the only strategy students use to determine what their plan of attack is.

2. Get Stuck in a Fixed Mindset

Some elementary students give up before starting a word problem because they think all word problems are too hard.  It is essential to instill a positive mindset towards math in students. The best way to do that is through modeling. If you portray an excitement for math, many of your students will share that same feeling.

3. Struggle with Reading Skills Component

For first and second graders (as well as struggling readers and ESL students), it is common for students to decode the text incorrectly. Along the same lines, some elementary students think they can’t solve word problems because they do not know how to read yet.  The purpose of word problems is not to assess whether a child can read or not.  Instead, the purpose is to assess their critical thinking and problem-solving skills.  As a result, it is appropriate to read word problems to elementary students.

4. Calculate Incorrectly

You’ll find instances where students will understand what the question is asking, but they will calculate the addends or the subtrahend from the minuend incorrectly. This type of error is important to note when analyzing student responses because it gives you valuable information for when you plan your instruction.

5. Encode Response Incorrectly

Another error that is important to note when analyzing student responses is when you find that they encode their solution in writing incorrectly. This means they understand what the problem is asking, they solve the operations correctly, document their work meticulously, but then write the incorrect answer on the line.

How to Address Common Misconceptions Surrounding Math Word Problems

You might be wondering, “What can I do in response to some of these misconceptions and errors?” After collecting and analyzing the data, forming groups based on the results, and planning differentiated instruction, you may want to consider trying out these prompts:

  • Can you reread the question aloud to me?
  • What is the question asking us to do?
  • How can we represent the information and question?
  • Can we represent the information and question with an equation?
  • What is our first step?
  • What is our next step?
  • Can you think of any strategies we use to help us solve?
  • How did you find your answer?
  • Can you walk me through how you found your answer step by step?
  • What do we need to remember when recording our answer?

techniques for solving word problems

Now that you have all these tips and ideas for how to teach word problems, we would love for you to try these word problem resources with your students. They offer students opportunities to practice solving word problems after having learned how to solve word problems. You can download word problem worksheets specific to your grade level (along with lots of other math freebies) in our free printable math resources bundle using this link: free printable math activities for elementary teachers .

Check out my monthly word problem resources !

  • 1st Grade Word Problems
  • 2nd Grade Word Problems
  • 3rd Grade Word Problems
  • 4th Grade Word Problems
  • 5th Grade Word Problems

Check out this blog post offering ideas and strategies for teaching math word problems! This is helpful for 1st, 2nd, 2rd, 4th, and 5th grade classroom teachers. Make teaching and solving word problems fun and easy for elementary students! #wordproblems #mathwordproblems #teachingideas #teachingstrategies #elementarymath #realworldmath

  • Read more about: ELEMENTARY TEACHING , MATH

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techniques for solving word problems

3 Word Problem Solving Strategies To Improve Word Problem Performance

The ability to solve word problems doesn’t necessarily come easily to all students. We can improve our students’ ability to solve story problems with a few simple word problem-solving strategies. When it comes to comprehending, understanding, and solving word problems, sometimes it is helpful to move beyond traditional word problems and try a new word problem type that is designed to support students in tackling these tricky skills!

In order to solve word problems, students need to be able to:

  • Comprehend the action or context of a word problem
  • Understand the question or missing piece of information
  • Develop a mathematically sound plan for solving for the missing information.
  • Accurately calculate to find their solution.

It’s a balance between comprehension, an understanding of math concepts, and an ability to carry out math concepts. Identifying which of these steps are strengths or needs for your students can help you to choose a strategy that will best improve their word problem performance.

Word Problem Solving Strategy #1: Numberless Word Problems

Who is this strategy for? If your students are struggling to understand the action, context or question in a story problem, discussion and numberless word problems will be a word problem-solving strategy that can help your students tremendously! This strategy also helps your “number pluckers” who see numbers, pluck and add together regardless of context! Numberless word problems slow your students down!

Using a tool such as numberless word problems can help your students in their understanding precisely because the numberless word problem strategy emphasizes discussion every step of the way!

How do I use this strategy? As you solve numberless word problems you begin with a problem with no numbers at all and ask a variety of questions as you discuss and slowly add information back into the problem.

Reagan picked flowers for a bouquet! She picked both roses and carnations.

When you initially present the problem, ask your students questions such as

  • Who is the story problem about?
  • What is happening in this story?
  • What are you wondering about?

Reagan picked flowers for a bouquet! She picked 7 roses and also some carnations.

  • What new information do we have?
  • What do you think we might learn next?
  • What *could* be the number of carnations in the bouquet? What might make sense?

Reagan picked flowers for a bouquet! She picked 7 roses and 8 carnations.

  • What new information do we know?
  • What do you know about the story?
  • What happened in the story?
  • Could we draw a picture or diagram to match the story?
  • What might we be wondering about the bouquet?
  • What questions could we answer about the bouquet?

Reagan picked flowers for a bouquet! She picked 7 roses and 8 carnations. How many flowers are in the bouquet in all?

  • What is the question wondering?
  • Do we have enough information to answer that question?
  • Where do we see the 7 roses in our diagram?
  • Where do we see the 8 carnations in our diagram?
  • How can we use the diagram to answer the question of how many flowers are in the bouquet in all?

Word Problem Solving Strategy #2: Guided Visual Models

Who is this strategy for? Visual models help your students to organize the information they know as well as to visualize the missing piece of information. Drawing visual models helps lead your students to an equation. This strategy is ideal for students who understand what a word problem is asking but have difficulty connecting the action of a word problem to an equation.

A visual model might include:

  • A math drawing (simple circles or an organic representation)
  • A number bond (number bonds can be used beyond addition and subtraction! Adding more “parts” can help to visualize multiplication and division as well!)
  • Tape diagrams

How can I use this strategy? As you are supporting your students in using these visual models, continually ask questions and draw connections between the word problem and their diagram.

Frank built a tower using 16 blocks. He took 7 blocks off of his tower and gave them to Declan so he could build a tower as well. How many blocks does Frank have left?

  • Could you draw a picture that shows what happened?
  • Frank had 16 blocks. Was that all of the blocks in the story or part of them? Where would we put the total in our number bond?
  • Frank gave away 7 blocks. Was that all of the blocks or a part of the blocks? Where would we put the part in our number bond?
  • And we’re wondering how many blocks Frank has left. Where is the missing part in our number bond? Could we write a question mark in that part?

If your students are familiar with number bonds or tape diagrams, knowing that they are missing a part will lead them to writing a subtraction equation or a missing addend addition equation to solve.

**If your students are not familiar with how to find a missing part or missing whole in an equation this is a topic that needs to be addressed as well! Your students are missing foundational math understandings that are critical to their word problem-solving strategy. Additional practice with both fact families and missing numbers in an equation will be helpful to your students!

Word Problem Strategy #3: Problem Sorts

Who is this strategy for? This strategy is for ALL students! When your students examine problems to help understand the underlying structures and problem types , solving word problems becomes easier.

If you were to be asked to cook dinner for a group of people at the drop of a hat, you would likely have a much easier time putting together a pizza than you would a complicated curry dish. You understand the underlying structure of a pizza- crust, sauce, cheese, toppings- and because you know this structure, given any different type of pizza (BBQ, Traditional, Garlic, Buffalo Chicken) you would be able to use the structure to come up with a recipe quickly and easily.

Understanding and recognizing problem types can do the same thing for our students! Understanding that in a “put together” problem there are going to be parts and that those parts can be put together using addition makes these problems much easier to solve!

How can I use this strategy? One way to help your students to recognize and understand problem types is to sort word problems. In a problem sort, you aren’t attending to the matter of solving the problem at all . Instead, you are reading the problems and sorting them based on whether the problem is missing a part or missing the total. If you are working on multiplication and division word problems you might sort based on whether the problem is missing the total , missing the number of groups or missing the group size. Other problem types will lend themselves to different sorting activities.

Additional Word Problem Resources

Using different types of word problem resources can help you to support your students in different ways.

Word Problem Sort Cards   can be a useful tool when you want your students to attend to the structure of math problems. Sort the cards based on problem type or based on the operation your students would use to solve. After sorting, solve the problems together. Reuse the sort as a math center!

Word Problem Notebooks  are a useful tool when you want your students to draw models and visual representations of word problems and to connect these models to an equation.

Numberless Word Problems   help get to the heart of the action or context of a word problem. Because you start with no numbers and employ a great deal of conversation these problems are simple to differentiate and give all students a point of access into the activity.

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A Math Word Problem Framework That Fosters Conceptual Thinking

This strategy for selecting and teaching word problems guides students to develop their understanding of math concepts.

Photo of middle school teacher with students

Word problems in mathematics are a powerful tool for helping students make sense of and reason with mathematical concepts. Many students, however, struggle with word problems because of the various cognitive demands. As districtwide STEAM professional development specialists, we’ve spent a lot of time focusing on supporting our colleagues and students to ensure their success with word problems. We found that selecting the right word problems, as well as focusing on conceptual understanding rather than procedural knowledge, provides our students with real growth.

As our thinking evolved, we began to instill a routine that supports teaching students to solve with grit by putting them in the driver’s seat of the thinking. Below you’ll find the routine that we’ve found successful in helping students overcome the challenges of solving word problems.

Not all word problems are created equal

Prior to any instruction, we always consider the quality of the task for teaching and learning. In our process, we use word problems as the path to mathematics instruction. When selecting the mathematical tasks for students, we always consider the following questions:

  • Does the task align with the learning goals and standards?
  • Will the task engage and challenge students at an appropriate level, providing both a sense of accomplishment and further opportunities for growth?
  • Is the task open or closed? Open tasks provide multiple pathways to foster a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts and skills. Closed tasks can still provide a deep understanding of mathematical concepts and skills if the task requires a high level of cognitive demand. 
  • Does the task encourage critical thinking and problem-solving skills?
  • Will the task allow students to see the relevance of mathematics to real-world situations?
  • Does the task promote creativity and encourage students to make connections between mathematical concepts and other areas of their lives?

If we can answer yes to as many of these questions as possible, we can be assured that our tasks are rich. There are further insights for rich math tasks on NRICH and sample tasks on Illustrative Mathematics and K-5 Math Teaching Resources .

Developing conceptual understanding

Once we’ve selected the rich math tasks, developing conceptual understanding becomes our instructional focus. We present students with Numberless Word Problems and simultaneously use a word problem framework to focus on analysis of the text and to build conceptual understanding, rather than just memorization of formulas and procedures. 

  • First we remove all of the numbers and have students read the problem focusing on who or what the problem is about; they visualize and connect the scenario to their lives and experiences. 
  • Next we have our students rewrite the question as a statement to ensure that they understand the questions.
  • Then we have our students read the problem again and have them think analytically. They ask themselves these questions: Are there parts? Is there a whole? Are things joining or separating? Is there a comparison? 
  • Once that’s completed, we reveal the numbers in the problem. We have the students read the problem again to determine if they have enough information to develop a model and translate it into an equation that can be solved.
  • After they’ve solved their equation, we have students compare it against their model to check their answer.  

Collaboration and workspace are key to building the thinking

To build the thinking necessary in the math classroom , we have students work in visibly random collaborative groups (random groups of three for grades 3 through 12, random groups of two for grades 1 and 2). With random groupings, we’ve found that students don’t enter their groups with predetermined roles, and all students contribute to the thinking.

For reluctant learners, we make sure these students serve as the scribe within the group documenting each member’s contribution. We also make sure to use nonpermanent vertical workspaces (whiteboards, windows [using dry-erase markers], large adhesive-backed chart paper, etc.). The vertical workspace provides accessibility for our diverse learners and promotes problem-solving because our students break down complex problems into smaller, manageable steps. The vertical workspaces also provide a visually appealing and organized way for our students to show their work.  We’ve witnessed how these workspaces help hold their attention and improve their focus on the task at hand.

Facilitate and provide feedback to move the thinking along

As students grapple with the task, the teacher floats among the collaborative groups, facilitates conversations, and gives the students feedback. Students are encouraged to look at the work of other groups or to provide a second strategy or model to support their thinking. Students take ownership and make sense of the problem, attempt solutions, and try to support their thinking with models, equations, charts, graphs, words, etc. They work through the problem collaboratively, justifying their work in their small group. In essence, they’re constructing their knowledge and preparing to share their work with the rest of the class. 

Word problems are a powerful tool for teaching math concepts to students. They offer a practical and relatable approach to problem-solving, enabling students to understand the relevance of math in real-life situations. Through word problems, students learn to apply mathematical principles and logical reasoning to solve complex problems. 

Moreover, word problems also enhance critical thinking, analytical skills, and decision-making abilities. Incorporating word problems into math lessons is an effective way to make math engaging, meaningful, and applicable to everyday life.

Kayla Bernardez

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techniques for solving word problems

The Best Word Problem Strategies that Build Strong Mathematicians

The best word problem strategies.

Ah, word problems. They are SO important for our students to understand, yet one of the most challenging parts of math instruction. Word problems are unique in that they are not JUST about math – they require reading comprehension, as well. Therefore, even students who excel at math can often struggle with word problems. As teachers, it can be difficult to know which word problem strategies to teach.

In this post, I am going to share some of the common strategies for teaching word problems and why they are or aren’t effective. I would also highly encourage you to check out this post , where I share ideas for reaching all your students in your word problem instruction.

Math Word Problem Solving Strategies

There are many word problem strategies out there, but some are more effective than others. Let’s take a look at some of the different strategies and whether or not they are beneficial.

Word problem keyword strategies

Teaching Keywords in Word Problem Instruction

Growing up, many of us were probably told that certain words in story problems indicated a specific operation. For example, “more” means addition, “fewer” means subtraction, “each” means multiplication. And while often this is the case, sometimes it is not. For example, take the following problem:

Katie picked 4 apples fewer than Marvin. If Katie picked 12 apples, how many did Marvin pick?

In this problem, the word “fewer” is used. Normally this would indicate subtraction, but if you really look at what the question is asking, you will find that we actually need to add to solve. Because of this, the keyword strategy is not effective.

That being said, I personally believe the words and language used in a problem are still worth noting. The word “fewer” is still significant; the problem lies in assuming it automatically means subtraction. As a teacher, I always taught my students to pay attention to important words, but never taught them that certain words always mean a certain operation.

Instead of using the term “keywords,” I refer to them as “important words” or “context clues”. Because reading comprehension is a major part of solving word problems, we cannot entirely ignore the language used. I do think it’s worth taking the time to encourage students to look for certain words in problems, such as the words listed above. The important thing is that we do not tell them what to do with those words – only that they are important. More on this later, but I thought it was worth noting here.

Using Attack Strategies

Another common strategy for teaching word problems is what’s known as an attack strategy. Attack strategies involve a series of steps (or “plan of attack”) to follow when solving word problems. Common attack strategies include:

  • RDW ( R ead the problem, D raw a model, W rite the equation)
  • CUBES ( C ircle the numbers, U nderline the question, B ox the keywords/context clues, E valuate the problem, S olve & check)
  • RUN ( R ead the problem, U nderline the question, N ame the problem type)
  • FOPS ( F ind the problem, O rganize information with a diagram, P lan to solve the problem, S olve the problem)

Word problem attack strategies

There are many more – these are just a few examples. Attack strategies can certainly be helpful when used correctly. T hey are easy to remember and give students a clear plan for solving. Many attack strategies use fun acronyms like the ones listed above; however even strategies that do not spell out words can still be effective.

These strategies are effective largely because they focus on reading and understanding the problem first, and then solving. As we all know, many students like to simply pull out the numbers and start doing math instead of actually taking the time to read the problem. Attack strategies help solve that issue.

Numberless Word Problems

In 2014, Brian Bushart popularized the idea of removing the numbers from word problems. This is to help students understand what is actually happening in the problem. He details the process in this blog post , which is a GREAT read and I highly recommend checking it out (once you’re done reading this one!).

Numberless word problem strategies

In short, numberless word problems are effective because they cause students to take a step back and really look at what the problem is asking. Eventually, of course, you’ll want to add the numbers back in. But starting out with the numbers removed and engaging in a discussion of what is actually happening in the problem is an effective first step in gaining comprehension.

Schema-Based Instruction

Of all the word problem strategies out there, schema-based instruction is the one with the most research backing it. Schema-based instruction (or SBI) involves categorizing word problems into particular types, or schemas, which will help you determine how to solve the problem.

Schemas can be additive or multiplicative. There are 3 main additive schemas: combine, compare, and change. Combine problems involve putting together two or more numbers to find a total. Compare involves finding the greater set, lesser set, or the difference. In change problems, an amount either increases or decreases over time.

techniques for solving word problems

Likewise, there are also 3 main multiplicative schemas: equal groups, comparison, and proportions. Equal groups involves a unit or group being multiplied by a specific number to find a product. In comparison problems, a set is multiplied a number of times for a product. The proportions schema focuses on the relationships among quantities.

techniques for solving word problems

The idea behind schema-based instruction is that all word problems fit into one of these schemas. Each schema has a unique graphic organizer and process for solving a problem that fits that schema. SBI is often accompanied with an attack strategy – such as RUN , for example. Students will first R ead the problem, then U nderline the questions, and finally N ame the problem type (schema) before solving. This last step of identifying the schema will help students understand how to solve the problem.

Part-Part-Whole Instruction

This isn’t really a strategy, per se. But, it is an important concept for students to understand in order to be successful with word problems. Understanding part-part-whole relationships is a critical aspect of number sense. My approach to teaching word problems involves a major emphasis on part-part-whole. Granted – I taught second grade, where word problems were mostly solved by addition and subtraction. Part-part-whole works with multiplication and division, too, but looks a little bit different.

My process for walking students through word problems always included having students identify whether each number represented a part or the whole, and which (a part or the whole) was missing. This was helpful because my students knew that a missing part means subtraction , and a missing whole means addition.

techniques for solving word problems

Identifying what each number represented is where the “keywords” I mentioned above come in. Words like “more,” “fewer,” and “each” – while they do NOT tell us how to solve – are important context clues to help us decide whether each number given is a part or the whole.

I used the CUBES attack strategy to go with this. However, instead of boxing “keywords,” we boxed “context clues”. Again, those words are still important – they just don’t tell us how to solve. The words are important because they tell us which numbers are greater or less than other numbers, or if a certain number represents a group. All are important things to know in determining the parts and the whole.

Once students identify what each number represents, they are able to solve. I’ve found that students who were correctly able to determine the parts and the whole in a word problem were VERY successful in finding the answer.

techniques for solving word problems

Free Training for Word Problem Strategies

Want to learn more about how to effectively teach word problems? I’m hosting a FREE video training series that you won’t want to miss! It’s launching THIS MONDAY, 9/21, so make sure you join the waitlist so you don’t miss out. Upon signing up, you will receive my free 30-page e-book for how to differentiate word problem instruction in your classroom. CLICK HERE TO JOIN THE WAITLIST , or sign up using the form below.

How do you teach word problems?

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techniques for solving word problems

This article was incredibly helpful as a whole.

I do have a minor suggestion. Your font for the last graphic titled, “Tools for Teaching Part-Whole Relationships,” has a very confusing layout. I spent far too long trying to figure out what that first one with the abacus said and ended up relying on Google auto-fill. I don’t mind cursive in general, but a cleaner one might cause less confusion for those who homeschool or are looking to help our children in their school math and might not be familiar with that term. Even after Google’s help with auto-fill, I had to really look at that word as written to see how it was laid out in that font.

techniques for solving word problems

Andrea DeVico

I love your numberless problems and schema strategies. Could you share your e-book with me?

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That Teaching Spark

February 17, 2022 · Leave a Comment

Easy Strategies for Solving Two-Step Word Problems

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Hello Darlings!

Let’s face it. Most students hate word problems.

Now, add in TWO steps and math word problems instantly become that much more overwhelming. 

Many students give up once they see more than 2 numbers in a problem.  

Instead of getting impatient or frustrated with my students for giving up or feeling defeated about two step word problems, I tell them it’s actually a good thing ! Normally, I’m met with some pretty hilarious facial expressions once I make that statement, but it IS a good thing! 

I explain to my kiddos that when they see more than one number in a word problem it’s actually a good thing because an alarm bell should be going off in your head (yes we make the noise) to tell you this is a two step problem.  

So, how do I get my kiddos from feeling defeated and overwhelmed to successfully solving two step word problems?

Well, like anything in education…it’s a PROCESS.

Teaching two step word problems requires lots of patience and practice mixed with a little PI-ZAZZ! Okay…I’ll admit, I added the PI-ZAZZ part! 

Here are some simple tips, tricks, and strategies I use to teach two step word problems to my elementary students:

  • When reading the word problem, we read each sentence at a time and underline the actual question. 
  • I remind them to ask this question: What are we trying to find? The part or the whole?
  • We know anytime we are trying to find a part we subtract or divide.
  • We know that anytime we are trying to find the whole we add or multiply.  
  • To show that we are missing a part, we start with holding our two fists together out in front of us and then pull one fist away as we say “If I’m missing a part, I subtract or divide.”  
  • To show we are missing the whole we start with two fists separated in front of us and then clasp our hands together to show that we are joining both parts.  We say “If I’m missing the whole I add or multiply.”  
  • We also restate the question as a statement, Ex. How many sodas does Jason have now?  Restate:  Jason has ___ sodas now.  It helps us stay focused on what we are looking for. We solve each sentence or piece of the problem one at a time.
  • These two step word problem strategies are on a daily basis.

Students start the week with a printable packet.  When I begin teaching two step word problems, I complete the problems with them to model my strategies and process. Then, we move to small groups. Finally, students will eventually complete the math word problems on their own. On Fridays we do a Quick Check to check for understanding. This ready-to-use resource is found in my Free Resource Library .

Hopefully the alarm bells have quieted down and our second, third, and fourth grade students will feel confident and ready to tackle two step math word problems!

What are your favorite math strategies to use in your elementary classroom? DM me @thatteachingspark on Instagram or tag me in a picture of your favorite math word problem strategies! I love connecting with fellow educators!

techniques for solving word problems

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Amy Hoffmann

Education Corner

Strategies for Solving Math Word Problems

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Math word problems can be tricky and often challenging to solve. Employing the SQRQCQ method can make solving math word problems easier and less intimidating.

The SQRQCQ method is particularly useful for children with learning disabilities and can be used effectively in special education programs. SQRQCQ is an abbreviation for Survey, Question, Read, Question, Compute, and Question.

Step 1 – SURVEY the Math Problem

The first step to solving a math word problem is to read the problem in its entirety to understand what you are being asked to solve. After you read it, you can decide the most relevant aspects of the problem that need to be solved and what aspects are not relevant to solving the problem. The idea here is to get a general understanding.

Step 2 – QUESTION

Once you have an idea of what you’re attempting to solve, you need to determine what formulas, steps, or equations should be utilized in order to find the correct answer. It is impossible to find an answer if you can’t determine what needs to be solved. Basically, what are the questions being asked by the problem?

Step 3 – REREAD

Now that you’ve determined what needs to be solved, reread the problem and pay close attention to specific details. Determine which aspects of the problem are interrelated. Identify all relevant facts and information needed to solve the problem. As you do, write them down.

Step 4 – QUESTION

Now that you’re familiar with specific details and how different facts and information within the problem are interrelated, determine what formulas or equations must be used to set up and solve the problem. Be sure to write down what steps or operations you will use for easy reference.

Step 5 – COMPUTE

Use the formulas and/or equations identified in the previous step to complete the calculations. Be sure to follow the steps you outlined while setting up an equation or using a formula. As you complete each step, check it off your list.

Step 6 – QUESTION

Once you’ve completed the calculations, review the final answer and make sure it is correct and accurate. If it does not appear logical, review the steps you took to find the answer and look for calculation or set-up errors. Recalculate the numbers or make other changes until you get an answer that makes sense.

How does SQRQCQ help students with learning disabilities?

Math word problems tend to be especially challenging for Learning Disabled (LD) students. LD students often lack “Concept Imagery”, or the ability to visualize the whole problem by creating a complete mental image. They often jump right into calculations and computations without understanding what the problem is asking or what they’re looking for.

LD students may also struggle to understand the words or wording within math word problems correctly. The inability to correctly interpret and understand wording greatly impacts their math reasoning skills and often leads them to making the wrong calculations and arriving incorrect conclusions.

Remembering and manipulating information and details in their working memory is another challenge some LD students face as they try to see the whole picture. Slow processing of information, followed by frustration and anxiety, will often lead LD students to try and get through math word problems as quickly as possible – which is why they often jump straight into computations in their attempt to make it to the finish line as quickly as possible.

SQRQCQ is a metacognitive guide that provides LD students with a logical order for solving math word problems. It provides just enough direction to guide them through the reasoning process without overwhelming them. SQRQCQ is also a mnemonic that is easy for students to remember and which they can fall back on when completing homework or taking tests.

Read also: – A Guide for St u dying Math

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Differentiated Teaching

Differentiated Teaching

5 Fun Ways to Teach Word Problems & Engage Students

Problem-solving is vital for math success, which we can all foster in our students. For many, word problems seem intimidating. They cringe at the mere mention of story problems, feeling daunted by the challenge. But who says tackling word problems has to be mundane?

Today, I'm eager to introduce fun ways to teach word problems that will invigorate your math sessions. With these lively methods, you might turn some problem-solving skeptics into enthusiasts!

Math book with calculator and statement 5 fun & easy ideas for math problem solving practice

What you'll find on this page:

5+ Fun Ways to Teach Word Problems Your Students Will LOVE

These fun ways to teach word problems will transform the daunting realm of story problems into an engaging and delightful journey. Whether through a word problem scavenger hunt or by tapping into students' unique interests, these techniques ensure your learners grasp and excel in solving math problems.

You can easily adapt each activity to cater to the individual needs of your students, ensuring differentiation and personalization. For instance, if students grapple with a specific type of story problem, craft a game or activity that zooms in on that challenge. For those who lean towards visual learning, provide a set of illustrations for them to decipher.

1. Make a game out of it! Make word problem activities interactive.

Many students find problem-solving boring and tedious. Adding a gaming element to the mix can bring some excitement back for learners, and the great news is there are so many options for HOW you do this.

Here are two options that my students have loved:

Math Problem Solving Task Card Scavenger Hunt

Turn word problem task cards into a classroom scavenger hunt by posting them in secret locations around the room.

Add 3-4 answer choices on separate index cards under each task card. On the back of the card with the correct answer, give a clue to find the next task card.

If you're looking for a ready-made set of task cards to start with, here's a great option: Word Problem Task Cards

WORD PROBLEM TASK CARDS

Word Problem Escape Challenge

It can be hard to find word problem activities that cater to differentiation. However, this is a great way to scaffold story problems for struggling learners in a way that feels FUN.

Take your problems and break down the skills students will need to have. Each of these will become one step of the escape room, leading to the final step, where they'll be asked to solve a multi-step word problem to “escape.”

For example, pull all the computations students will eventually do for your problems. Use these to create a secret coded message. Students must solve the message to get to the next step. However, they won't know they've already practiced the math needed for the word problems!

Continue this progression by giving parts of problems and having them work up to problem-solving to escape.

2. Use unique manipulatives to help students visualize the story problem.

It's easy to get stuck in rote practice of the same problems. Instead, think outside the box! Use visuals and fun manipulatives that are not only engaging for students but also help them better understand the problem.

For example, when working on money problems, you can have students use money to model transactions or create a store to buy items and calculate change. However, this is just one option. I've found mini-erasers come in so many different shapes that I can often find examples to help my students better understand the problem. I recently used food-shaped mini-erasers to model a problem to find how many items could be purchased within a given budget. These manipulatives were much more fun and engaging, making it easy for my learner to see available alternatives. You can also find great holiday-themed miniatures at craft stores, like the cute mini gingerbread men you see below.

Winter Task Cards

3. Bring on the drama! Role-play math word problems.

Drama in the classroom may sound like a bad thing. Yet, in this case, it can be a great way to get students excited about math problem solving. Get creative and have students act out word problems by creating characters, setting a scene, and having them act out the problem.

Role-playing has many benefits for learners, including boosting engagement, motivation, and helping students see themselves as problem solvers.

5 Fun Engaging Math Word Problems 3 1 fun ways to teach word problems, fun math problem solving activities

For example, have them create a store scenario where they role-play, asking for change or using coupons. This can help students better visualize the problem. It also makes story problems easier for learners who need to see a story unfold before them.

4. Utilize cooperative learning strategies during word problem activities.

Working with a partner can make math problem-solving much more enjoyable for students. This is especially true if you use cooperative learning strategies to engage learners meaningfully. A few ideas include having students take turns solving parts of the problem, having them check each other's work and offer feedback, or having students create their word problems to present to the class.

Cooperative Learning Word Problems 1 fun ways to teach word problems, fun math problem solving activities

Using cooperative learning strategies allows students to practice problem-solving in a way that is more engaging and encourages collaboration. It also helps develop higher-order thinking skills, such as analyzing and critiquing, that are important for success in problem-solving.

5. Make word problems relevant to real-life.

Students often struggle with word problems because they can't connect with the scenarios. To make word problems more relevant and exciting to students, try incorporating your students' names, seasonal topics, or holidays into the problem. It will help them connect and tie the math to something real in their everyday lives.

Taking the time to craft word problems around what is happening in their lives makes mathematical mastery easier, more exciting, and enjoyable for everyone involved. It can also make them more willing to engage in the productive struggle required to become master problem solvers.

word problem activities on projector screen

My Problem of the Day: Daily Problem Solving resources are designed with this engagement strategy in mind! Each month's problems incorporate seasonal themes and holidays, and weekly problems center around a fun fact and single theme to engage learners.

Available for grades 2-8, click your grade level below to grab a free week to try it out with your learners and learn more.

2ND GRADE fun ways to teach word problems, fun math problem solving activities

Problem Solving doesn't have to be boring!

Math problem solving is a critical skill for students to acquire. Incorporating fun and interactive strategies such as making a game out of it, using manipulatives, role-playing, cooperative learning, and making it relevant to real life can make all the difference in ensuring your students are confident problem solvers and further developing their love of math.

Fun and engaging ideas for math problem solving

By applying these fun ways to teach word problems, you can make math problem-solving practice more enjoyable for your students. Not only will they be engaged in the word problem activities, but it will also help them develop a deeper understanding of the concepts. Give it a try and see how your students respond! Good luck!

techniques for solving word problems

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Praxis Core Math

Course: praxis core math   >   unit 1.

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Algebraic word problems | Lesson

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  • Linear equations | Lesson
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What are algebraic word problems?

What skills are needed.

  • Translating sentences to equations
  • Solving linear equations with one variable
  • Evaluating algebraic expressions
  • Solving problems using Venn diagrams

How do we solve algebraic word problems?

  • Define a variable.
  • Write an equation using the variable.
  • Solve the equation.
  • If the variable is not the answer to the word problem, use the variable to calculate the answer.

What's a Venn diagram?

  • Your answer should be
  • an integer, like 6 ‍  
  • a simplified proper fraction, like 3 / 5 ‍  
  • a simplified improper fraction, like 7 / 4 ‍  
  • a mixed number, like 1   3 / 4 ‍  
  • an exact decimal, like 0.75 ‍  
  • a multiple of pi, like 12   pi ‍   or 2 / 3   pi ‍  
  • (Choice A)   $ 4 ‍   A $ 4 ‍  
  • (Choice B)   $ 5 ‍   B $ 5 ‍  
  • (Choice C)   $ 9 ‍   C $ 9 ‍  
  • (Choice D)   $ 14 ‍   D $ 14 ‍  
  • (Choice E)   $ 20 ‍   E $ 20 ‍  
  • (Choice A)   10 ‍   A 10 ‍  
  • (Choice B)   12 ‍   B 12 ‍  
  • (Choice C)   24 ‍   C 24 ‍  
  • (Choice D)   30 ‍   D 30 ‍  
  • (Choice E)   32 ‍   E 32 ‍  
  • (Choice A)   4 ‍   A 4 ‍  
  • (Choice B)   10 ‍   B 10 ‍  
  • (Choice C)   14 ‍   C 14 ‍  
  • (Choice D)   18 ‍   D 18 ‍  
  • (Choice E)   22 ‍   E 22 ‍  

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Solving Word Problems

Solving math word problems can be a difficult skill both to teach and to learn. While word problems may be challenging, they give students the opportunity to apply and practice the skills they have learned in real-world situations. Adults are regularly called upon to solve mathematical problems in both personal and professional lives. The following suggestions can be used to help students develop the skills needed to tackle and solve word problems in math.

Sound Steps for Solving Word Problems:

1. Take a break before you begin the word problems. The brain actually processes word problems differently than computational math. Giving the student a short mental break between computation and word problems allows for a reset.

2. Read the word problem ALL THE WAY THROUGH first. Do not worry about the

numbers. Then ask yourself, “What do I understand?”

3. Re-read it OUT LOUD again and “BEEP” out the numbers.  This allows the student’s brain to focus on what is being asked instead of trying to capture the process.

4. Are there keywords? Circle them if it helps in understanding. Cross through any unnecessary information.

5. Word problems need to be answered in words. Can you plug your answer in and it makes sense?

6. Alleviate the anxiety. You can reduce anxiety about word problems by helping your child learn to craft their own. Understanding how to construct word problems allows a student to apply their mathematical thinking skills and translate those skills into application.

7. Relax. This is a skill that takes time to develop.

More Observations for the Parent:

Do They Understand?

Ask your student if they understand what the problem is asking for. Underline the sentence that is asking for a solution. 

Which Operation to Use

Students often wonder which operation to use (addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division). Are quantities being put together, or will the result be a greater amount? Then addition or multiplication will most likely be used. Is an amount being separated from a whole, or will the result be less? Subtraction or division are your top choices.

Keywords are Not a Shortcut

Some teachers recommend finding keywords to determine the appropriate operation. While Math-U-See does refer to this technique, it should not be used as the primary means for solving a problem. Depending on keywords alone does not encourage students to think mathematically about a problem or use logic to reason toward a solution. Furthermore, it is not a foolproof method. Sometimes keywords do not appear in problems, or additional operations may be required to find the final answer. Keywords should only be used to support the student’s rationale for choosing a particular operation and not be the determining factor.

Check the Solution

First, the student should make sure the question posed has been answered. Sometimes the result of a calculation is only one step to finding the final solution, and additional work must be done. Second, make sure the answer is reasonable. It would not make sense, for example, to have a bedroom with an area of 2 square centimeters. 

Finally, if the solution is given in an answer key and the student’s response does not match, take the time to find out why. Discuss the problem and the student’s solution, and adjust any misunderstandings. Share with the student other ways to solve the problem that might be more efficient. 

Word problems can be challenging, but learning how to solve them is well worth the effort. As you utilize the suggestions listed above, your student will become more skillful and successful in applying mathematical reasoning to real-life situations.

Be sure to check the Index in the back of the Instruction Manual to find additional word problem tips, strategies, and cautions.

Related Articles and Blog Posts

Make Word Problems Fun [Video] Teach Word Problems with a Graphic Organizer [Free Download]

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March 29, 2023

Demystifying Word Problems: Effective Techniques for Teaching Problem-Solving Skills

As a teacher, I understand the struggles students often face when it comes to solving word problems. Whether it’s reading challenges, a lack of executive functioning skills for multi-step problems, information overload, or language barriers for English language learners, word problems can be tricky! That’s why I want to share some effective techniques for teaching word problem-solving skills that can empower our students to tackle these tasks with confidence (and accuracy).

Empower students to tackle word problems with confidence and accuracy

Importance of Word Problem-Solving Skills

Before diving into these techniques, let’s explore why it’s important to teach our students word problem-solving skills. First and foremost, these skills have real-world application and relevance, as students will encounter problem-solving scenarios throughout their lives. Furthermore, developing these skills fosters critical thinking and reasoning abilities that are invaluable in various subjects, including math, science, and social studies.

Word problems are cross curricular they are found in math, science, civics, economics, and STEAM

Techniques for Teaching Word Problem-Solving Skills

Understanding the problem.

Teach students to identify important information and keywords. Help students recognize what information is relevant and which words signal specific mathematical operations. A strategy I like to use with my students is to underline the question, box in the keywords, and circle the numbers needed.

10 ladybugs are on a leaf. Some flew away. 3 ladybugs are left. How many ladybugs flew away? This problem shows the numbers circled, the keywords boxed in, and the question underlined.

Visualization

Use diagrams, drawings, mental movies, or manipulatives to represent the problem: Encourage students to create visual representations of the problem to better understand the situation. A strategy I like to use for this is to have my students make a mental movie, then they share their ideas with a partner, and finally, they use manipulatives to explore a solution.

You can also use pictures or comic strips to illustrate the problem. I like to introduce primary students to word problems with the Kindergarten Word Problems because they have an illustration on each game card giving the students context and helping them build prior knowledge.

Developing a Plan

Teach students to choose appropriate strategies for solving word problems: Help students understand that different problems require different approaches and provide them with a toolkit of strategies.

This image shows 10 ladybugs in a tape diagram and 10 ladybugs on a number line diagram.

Again, referencing the kindergarten word problems, I like these because there’s a balance between solving for the missing beginning, middle, and end and even comparing the two addends. This gives students a variety of problems to solve.

I recommend starting with concrete strategies like mental movies, pictures, and acting out the problem. After students demonstrate understanding, move on to pictures and diagrams. I find that tape diagrams and number lines are most useful for elementary students.

Encourage Collaboration and Discussion

Another great strategy is to promote peer collaboration and group problem-solving. Foster a classroom environment where students feel comfortable working together and sharing ideas.

Image shows two young girls communicating about on word problems together.

I do this with students by projecting one game card problem on our interactive whiteboard. Next, I partner students together using ClassDojo’s partner generator; however, you can use any partner-generating method. Our routine before each lesson is to think about the problem for one minute. Then, we talk about the problem with a partner. Finally, we explore solutions for the problem independently and share our thinking with the whole group.

Using Word Problems to Support Instruction

Word problems are essential to academic success. I have a set of word problems included in each grade-level bundle of math games, and if I’m being honest, I don’t like using them as a stand-alone games.

I know what you’re thinking, “YOU DON’T LIKE YOUR OWN GAME?”

This image shows two young boys communicating about a word problem together.

It’s not that I don’t like it because I know it’s necessary. It’s just that it’s too challenging and takes more time and perseverance to solve than basic math facts.

techniques for solving word problems

Instead of using them as a game, I sprinkle word problems into other games. I also use them as discussion starters or warm-ups before beginning our math lesson. I have learned that consistency is key. It’s such a routine that my students could lead this lesson without a teacher.

This image shows kindergarten word problem game cards. Game cards include problems about cupcakes, spiders, bugs, and cars.

Implementing word problems can help create a more engaging, effective, and supportive learning environment for students as they develop their problem-solving skills.

This image shows a flow chart of a step-by-step process for supporting students in word problem-solving.

Teaching word problem-solving skills is crucial for students’ success, both in the classroom and beyond. I hope the techniques discussed in this blog post inspire you to implement them in your classroom and explore the word problems in my math game bundles. I invite you to share your experiences teaching problem-solving skills or any additional techniques you’ve found effective in the comments below.

What techniques have you found effective for teaching word problems in your classroom? Join the conversation in the comments below.

Together, let’s empower our students to become more confident problem-solvers!

Want some fun ideas for teaching word problems? Make sure to read this blog post 7 Fun Activities for Teaching Word Problems That Actually Work !

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Tips for Solving Word Problems

techniques for solving word problems

Solve Step-by-Step

The best way to solve a word problem is to have a plan: a set of steps to follow to identify all of the relevant information, translate the problem into an equation, solve it, and check your answer. 

  • Understand what the question is asking. Read a word problem carefully so you know exactly what it’s asking you to solve. Restate the problem in your own words and cross out any irrelevant information. Is it a particular type of word problem (e.g. create an expression, formula, distance = rate x time)? Have you solved a similar problem before?
  • Identify keywords. Circle relevant numbers and underline keywords, especially words that denote mathematical operations (e.g. sum, difference), actions (e.g. equal, less than), or other information describing the situation (e.g. distance, time, people). 
  • Visualize. Sometimes the key to unlocking a word problem, especially one that involves multiple steps, is to create a model or diagram that helps visualize it. These visuals organize what you know, what information is missing, and what you need to solve the problem.
  • Translate the problem into an equation. Use your circled numbers, key words, and variables representing unknown values to create an equation that answers the question.
  • Solve the equation. Make sure to write out each step and calculations, so you can go back and reference the steps you took and check your work. If it’s a multiple choice question, can you pick a number and plug it into an equation in the question or answer choices?
  • Check your answer. Your answer should make sense given the information provided in the question. Do you answer what the question asked? Does it seem reasonable? If you’re working on a multiple choice word problem, can you plug in an answer choice?

These are just some general guidelines for solving word problems. If you’re curious about exploring other approaches, there are a lot of problem-solving strategies to choose from, such as the basic Plan-Solve-Check routine and CUBES . Experiment with the options out there to add tools to your problem-solving toolbox and to find the strategies that work best for you.

Mastering a math skill is not that different from fine tuning your baseball fielding skills or perfecting a pirouette. Practice is key. To get better at word problems, pick a reasonable goal and make a plan to incorporate practice into your routine. Don’t forget to review your answers, so you can adjust your study plan (e.g. increasing the difficulty level, focusing more on a specific question type, etc.). 

Don’t be afraid of a challenge

It’s tempting to stick within your comfort zone. If you’re a parent helping your child with his math homework, that might mean knowing how to help without hand holding too much. As much as you may want to guide your child to the correct answer, the best way for him to learn and build confidence is to give him a chance to do it himself, even if that means making mistakes. Likewise, if you’re a student who wants to overcome your word problem woes, don’t be afraid to attempt questions that may have put you off in the past. You may find that the more you challenge yourself, the more you’ll be able to find creative solutions to previously daunting problems.

How A+ Can Help

Hopefully, these tips have helped demystify the often inscrutable word problem. If you still have questions, or believe you may benefit from some expert support, A+ Test Prep and Tutoring offers several services that can help you with word problems and other important math skills. For example, our SAT and ACT test prep programs provide students with seven sessions devoted to honing the math skills your student needs to reach his or her score goals. You can also get math support through our Foundations program and academic tutoring services. Our staff and tutors are committed to providing individualized instruction that builds the skills and confidence students need to succeed.

At A+ Test Prep and Tutoring, our practices are based on the latest developments in educational theory and research. We have an excellent team of tutors who can help you with standardized testing, executive functioning, or achievement in any other school subject. If you want to find out more about our services, our Client Service Directors Joelle Faucette  can be reached at 215-886-9188 or email us at [email protected].

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What Types of Therapy Are Helpful for Depression?

What is psychotherapy, psychotherapy for depression.

  • Therapy Approaches
  • How Long Does It Take to Work?
  • Choosing a Therapist

Depression is more than feeling sad or unmotivated for a few days; it’s an ongoing and persistent feeling of extreme sadness or despair affecting every aspect of a person’s life. Data from 2020 shows 18.4% of U.S. adults have received a diagnosis of depression.

Fortunately, treatment options like psychotherapy can be effective. The key is finding out what type of psychotherapy is right for you, depending on the severity of your symptoms, personal preferences, and therapy goals. 

This article covers the most effective evidence-based psychotherapy treatments for depression.

The Good Brigade / Getty Images

Psychotherapy is talk therapy . It takes place in outpatient settings (i.e., therapy offices) and inpatient settings (i.e., hospitals). Its purpose is to help relieve symptoms and prevent them from returning.

Each form of psychotherapy is unique, but typical sessions help a person identify the thought patterns, learned behaviors, or personal circumstances that may be contributing to their depression. The focus then shifts to building healthy coping strategies for managing negative thoughts, unwanted behaviors, and difficult emotions or experiences.

The following are the most common types of psychotherapy for depression.

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy (also called cognitive processing therapy) is a type of cognitive behavioral therapy shown to be effective in helping people challenge and change unhelpful or unwanted beliefs or attitudes that result from traumatic experiences such as sexual assault or natural disaster.

Cognitive therapy involves learning about symptoms like intrusive thoughts resulting from traumatic experiences and working on processing the experience and questioning and reframing negative self-thinking.  

Behavioral Therapy

Behavioral therapy (also called behavioral activation) focuses on how certain behaviors influence or trigger symptoms of depression. It works by helping a person identify and understand specific behavioral triggers and then providing behavioral activation exercises that encourage behavioral modifications or changes where possible, resulting in more positive mood outcomes.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

CBT is considered the best-researched technique and the "gold standard" of psychotherapy. It's been shown effective in reducing depression symptoms and helping patients build skills to change thought patterns and behaviors to break them out of depression. It also encourages greater adherence to medications and other treatments.

CBT when combined with medication for depression has been shown more effective in treating symptoms and preventing relapse than pharmacology alone.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

DBT is a skilled-focused technique centered on acceptance and change. It involves acceptance-oriented skills, such as mindfulness and increasing tolerance to distress. It also uses change-oriented skills, emotional regulation (keeping emotions in check), and interpersonal development (i.e., saying no, asking for what you want, and establishing interpersonal boundaries).

Research suggests DBT is particularly beneficial for people experiencing chronic suicidal thinking .

Suicide Prevention Hotline

If you or someone you know is having suicidal thoughts, dial  988  to contact the  988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline  and connect with a trained counselor. For more mental health resources, see our  National Helpline Database.

Psychodynamic Therapy

Psychodynamic therapy is based on the theory that moods and behaviors are directly but unconsciously related to childhood and past experiences. It involves building self-awareness of these experiences and their influence on a person while empowering them to change unwanted patterns.

Treatment with psychodynamic therapy has been shown to be as effective as other treatments in reducing depressive symptoms in depressive disorders.

Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)

IPT focuses on how relationships impact mental health. It helps people manage and strengthen current relationships, as well as looking at how different environments influence thinking and behavior. Numerous studies support the effectiveness of ITP for depression treatment and symptom relapse prevention.

Problem-Solving Therapy (PST)

PST is about strengthening a person’s ability to cope with stressful events by enhancing problem-solving skills. Several studies support the effectiveness of problem-solving therapy for people with depression, depressive disorders, and other mental health conditions.

Approaches to Therapy for Depression

Therapy is not one-size-fits-all. The best approach will depend on severity of symptoms and overall therapy goals, and may include a combination of individual therapy, group therapy , family therapy , or couples therapy . Someone experiencing ongoing depression may benefit from the one-on-one support of individual therapy, but also from a family-based approach and peer support groups .

How Long Does Therapy for Depression Take?

The length of time therapy takes to experience results will vary depending on factors such as:

  • Depression type: Acute depression (i.e. depression that does not persist over a long period of time) will typically take fewer sessions to show results than chronic depression.
  • Symptom severity: More severe symptoms like suicidal thinking may require longer or more intensive treatment.
  • Therapy goals: Focused goals are reached more quickly than broader-based goals.
  • Session frequency: People are typically advised to attend as often as they feel comfortable, but more frequent sessions typically result in quicker results.
  • Technique: Some types of therapy like cognitive behavioral therapy are more goal-focused and generally quicker than other types.
  • Trust: Higher levels of trust between client and therapist often yield quicker results.
  • Personal circumstances: A new or ongoing traumatic life experience or other health condition like substance use disorder may prolong how long treatment takes.

General Timeline

Psychotherapy can be short-term and last a few weeks to months (for situational acute depression) or long-term and last a few months to years (for persistent or chronic depression).

How to Choose a Technique and Therapist

Consider which types of therapy best align with your goals and seek a therapist who offers that type of therapy. Bear in mind that therapists may offer more than one technique and can help you determine which techniques may be most suitable.

When choosing a therapist, you may consider their credentials, such as if they have a medical degree and can prescribe medication for depression , as a psychiatrist can. It's crucial to choose a therapist whom you feel comfortable working with. It’s OK to attend a few sessions before deciding if they're the right therapist for you. 

A Word From Verywell

Making sure you feel comfortable and have rapport with your therapist is one of the most important determinants for effective therapy. Set up short introductions or consultations with a few therapists so you can pick one you feel you can build the most rapport with.

There are many types of evidence-based therapy that are suitable for treating depression. Some involve working one-on-one with a therapist, and others may include family members, spouses, or peer groups experiencing depression. Making the correct choice includes determining your therapy goals and finding a therapist you feel comfortable working with.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National, state-level, and county-level prevalence estimates of adults aged ≥18 years self-reporting a lifetime diagnosis of depression — United States, 2020 .

Informed Health. Depression: How effective is psychological treatment?

American Psychological Association. Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) .

University of Michigan. Behavioral activation for depression .  

Gautam M, Tripathi A, Deshmukh D, Gaur M. Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression . Indian J Psychiatry . 2020;62( 2):S223-S229. doi:10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_772_19

Wersen AD, Meiser-Stedman R, Laidlaw K. A meta-analysis of CBT efficacy for depression comparing adults and older adults . Journal of Affective Disorders . 2022;319:189-20. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.020

University of Washington. Dialectical behavioral therapy . 

American Psychiatric Association. What is psychotherapy?

Steinert C, Munder T, Rabung S, Hoyer J, Leichsenring F. Psychodynamic therapy: as efficacious as other empirically supported treatments? A meta-analysis testing equivalence of outcomes . AJP . 2017;174(10):943-953. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010057

American Psychological Association. APA dictionary of psychology: interpersonal psychotherapy (ITP) .

Cuijpers P, Donker T, Weissman MM, Ravitz P, Cristea IA. Interpersonal psychotherapy for mental health problems: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry . 2016;173(7):680-687. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15091141 

Zhang A, Park S, Sullivan JE, Jing S. The effectiveness of problem-solving therapy for primary care patients' depressive and/or anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis . J Am Board Fam Med . 2018;31(1):139-150. doi:10.3122/jabfm.2018.01.170270

American Psychological Association. How long will it take for treatment to work?

By Michelle Pugle Michelle Pugle, MA, MHFA is a freelance health writer as seen in Healthline, Health, Everyday Health, Psych Central, and Verywell.

IMAGES

  1. Steps for Solving Word Problems

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  2. Strategies for Solving Word Problems

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  5. Solving Word Problems- Strategies, Ideas and Activities-print and

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  6. Steps for Solving Word Problems! Posters for Primary Students Looking

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COMMENTS

  1. 14 Effective Ways to Help Your Students Conquer Math Word Problems

    1. Solve word problems regularly This might be the most important tip of all. Word problems should be part of everyday math practice, especially for older kids. Whenever possible, use word problems every time you teach a new math skill. Even better: give students a daily word problem to solve so they'll get comfortable with the process.

  2. 10 Best Strategies for Solving Math Word Problems

    Draw Diagrams or Visual Representations 6. Use Estimation to Predict Answers 7. Apply Logical Reasoning for Unknown Variables 8. Leverage Similar Problems as Templates 9. Check Answers in the Context of the Problem 10. Reflect and Learn from Mistakes

  3. Strategies for Solving Word Problems

    1. Read the Entire Word Problem Before students look for keywords and try to figure out what to do, they need to slow down a bit and read the whole word problem once (and even better, twice). This helps kids get the bigger picture to be able to understand it a little better too. 2. Think About the Word Problem

  4. 4 Math Word Problem Solving Strategies

    October 31st, 2021 5 Strategies to Learn to Solve Math Word Problems A critical step in math fluency is the ability to solve math word problems. The funny thing about solving math word problems is that it isn't just about math. Students need to have strong reading skills as well as the growth mindset needed for problem-solving.

  5. 9 Tips and Tricks for Teaching Word Problems

    #1: Give It Time Don't expect 100% mastery after just one lesson. It's just not going to happen. I know that this might be hard to understand, but this skill takes TIME and lots of it. Unfortunately, there is no getting around it. #2: Be Honest

  6. How to Teach Word Problems: Strategies for Elementary Teachers

    First, students need to be able to fluently read and comprehend the text. Second, they need to be able to identify which operations and steps are needed to find the answer. Finally, they need to be able to accurately calculate the answer.

  7. 3 Word Problem Solving Strategies To Improve Word ...

    In order to solve word problems, students need to be able to: Comprehend the action or context of a word problem Understand the question or missing piece of information Develop a mathematically sound plan for solving for the missing information. Accurately calculate to find their solution.

  8. A Strategy for Teaching Math Word Problems

    Critical Thinking A Math Word Problem Framework That Fosters Conceptual Thinking This strategy for selecting and teaching word problems guides students to develop their understanding of math concepts. By Tara Koehler, John Sammon March 1, 2023 Johner Images / Alamy

  9. The Best Word Problem Strategies that Build Strong Mathematicians

    There are 3 main additive schemas: combine, compare, and change. Combine problems involve putting together two or more numbers to find a total. Compare involves finding the greater set, lesser set, or the difference. In change problems, an amount either increases or decreases over time.

  10. PDF Techniques for Solving Math Word Problems

    20+ techniques Seven Categories of Techniques I. General Ideas II. Understand but Don't Yet Solve III. Using Visuals IV. Getting Student Buy-in V. Adapting Problems VI. Identifying Problem Types VII. Monitor, Process and Practice CCSSM Practice 4 - Model with Mathematics

  11. How to Help Students Who Struggle with Word Problems

    The test makers are hip to the whole key word thing. So while key words may have worked 20 years ago, today's tests are specifically written to outsmart that approach. 2. Pre-Formulating Word Problems. For students to be effective in solving word problems, they need to master the art of formulation.

  12. Easy Strategies for Solving Two-Step Word Problems

    These two step word problem strategies are on a daily basis. Students start the week with a printable packet. When I begin teaching two step word problems, I complete the problems with them to model my strategies and process. Then, we move to small groups. Finally, students will eventually complete the math word problems on their own.

  13. Strategies for Solving Math Word Problems

    Step 1 - SURVEY the Math Problem The first step to solving a math word problem is to read the problem in its entirety to understand what you are being asked to solve. After you read it, you can decide the most relevant aspects of the problem that need to be solved and what aspects are not relevant to solving the problem.

  14. 5 Fun Ways to Teach Word Problems & Engage Students

    What you'll find on this page: 5+ Fun Ways to Teach Word Problems Your Students Will LOVE. 1. Make a game out of it! Make word problem activities interactive. Math Problem Solving Task Card Scavenger Hunt. Word Problem Escape Challenge. 2. Use unique manipulatives to help students visualize the story problem.

  15. 5 Tricks for Solving Algebra Word Problems

    Solve the equation. If the variable is not the correct answer to the word problem, use that variable to figure out the answer. Sounds easy, right? It can be - especially . Check out this video, which will give you a few more helpful tips for solving word problems, then keep reading to learn everything else you need to know about algebra problems:

  16. Algebraic word problems

    Solving algebraic word problems requires us to combine our ability to create equations and solve them. To solve an algebraic word problem: Define a variable. Write an equation using the variable. Solve the equation. If the variable is not the answer to the word problem, use the variable to calculate the answer.

  17. Solving Math Word Problems

    SOLVE - Find the answer by going through the problem slowly and ensuring all work is shown. CHECK - Make sure that the answer makes sense for the question. Is it reasonable based on the information given? CONCLUDE - Write a complete sentence that describes your answer.

  18. Best Strategies to Solve Math Word Problems l Introduction To ...

    Once you've finished school, most of the math problems you encounter will likely come in the form of word problems. In word problems, you're not told explici...

  19. Word Problem Tips

    1. Take a break before you begin the word problems. The brain actually processes word problems differently than computational math. Giving the student a short mental break between computation and word problems allows for a reset. 2. Read the word problem ALL THE WAY THROUGH first. Do not worry about the numbers.

  20. Top Tips For Solving Math Word Problems

    Tips for Solving Math Word Problems. 1. Start with a Positive Attitude. Success begins with the right attitude. This is the key to learning anything, especially Math. Unfortunately, when some students encounter difficulty with Math, they set up barriers in their minds towards the subject.

  21. Word Problem-Solving Skills and Techniques Simply STEAM

    Techniques for Teaching Word Problem-Solving Skills Understanding the problem. Teach students to identify important information and keywords. Help students recognize what information is relevant and which words signal specific mathematical operations. A strategy I like to use with my students is to underline the question, box in the keywords ...

  22. Tips for Solving Word Problems

    Visualize. Sometimes the key to unlocking a word problem, especially one that involves multiple steps, is to create a model or diagram that helps visualize it. These visuals organize what you know, what information is missing, and what you need to solve the problem. Translate the problem into an equation. Use your circled numbers, key words ...

  23. Tips for Solving Word Problems

    A major component of solving word problems is being able to translate words into math so try to develop this skill in your child at an early age before giving them long word problems to solve. Take Notes On Important Details. Encourage your child to jot down important information from the word problem before trying to solve it.

  24. Therapy for Depression: Types, Effective Options, Treatment

    Problem-Solving Therapy (PST) PST is about strengthening a person's ability to cope with stressful events by enhancing problem-solving skills. Several studies support the effectiveness of problem-solving therapy for people with depression, depressive disorders, and other mental health conditions.